Can someone please explain this to me? - (May/20/2016 )
Hi, I am looking for help and hope someone here with the appropriate knowledge can help me. Recently I took an oral swab hiv test and when I looked up what is inside the test stick I found this information and it confused me. Can someone please explain what these are and how they are made? I would really appreciate it!
HIV 1 & 2 Peptides/Panel Members (Defibrinated), GP-36 Peptide
Recombinant Protein A
HIV-1 and HIV-2 appear to package their RNA differently. HIV-1 binds to any appropriate RNA whereas HIV-2 preferentially binds to mRNA which creates the Gag protein itself. This means that HIV-1 is better able to mutate. HIV-2 is transmitted in the same ways as HIV-1: Through exposure to bodily fluids such as blood, semen, tears and vaginal fluids. Immunodeficiency develops more slowly with HIV-2.
HIV-2 is less infectious in the early stages of the virus
han with HIV-1. The infectiousness of HIV-2 increases as the virus progresses. Major differences include reduced pathogenicity of HIV-2 relative to HIV-1, enhanced immune control of HIV-2 infection and often some degree of CD4-independence. Despite considerable sequence and phenotypic differences between HIV-1 and 2 envelopes, structurally they are quite similar. Both membrane-anchored proteins eventually form the 6-helix bundles from the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of the ectodomain, which is common to many viral and cellular fusion proteins and which seems to drive fusion.
HIV-1 gp41 helical regions can form more stable 6-helix bundles than HIV-2 gp41 helical regions however HIV-2 fusion occurs at a lower threshold temperature (25°C), does not require Ca2+ in the medium, is insensitive to treatment of target cells with cytochalasin B, and is not affected by target membrane glycosphingolipid composition.
http://www.creativebiomart.net/symbolsearch_gp36.htm
There are also instruction about protein A， but it seem not related to HIV, you can take as reference.
http://www.creativebiomart.net/symbolsearch_Protein%20A.htm
Andrea Fortina,thx for you infomation!